Diagnosis of Noise Inside Neonatal Incubators under Free-Field Conditions

Noise in Infant Incubators and in Neonatal Intensive Care Units

In Portugal, the number of children born alive was in 1996 of about 110,000. Near 10% to 15% of these need intensive neonatal care what represents about 14,000 newborn children requiring a stay within an Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), an environment usually noisy. Regarding noise, the possible damage of the cochlea in newborn children caused by the exposure to high level pressure levels h...

Efficient Synthesis and Deprotection of Semicarbazones under Solvent-Free Conditions

Effective methodologies for efficient preparation of semicarbazones from aldehydes or ketones via milling and the subsequent regeneration of the parent carbonyls by gaseous nitrogen dioxide are described under solid-solid and gas-solid reaction conditions, respectively. These methods are fast, simple and environmentally benign which do not require the use of any auxiliaries such as catalyst...

Synthesis of Metallophthalocyanines Under Solvent Free Conditions Using Microwave Irradiation

Phthalocyanine complexes of Cu, Co, Ni, Fe, Zn, Pd, Pt and Ru have been synthesized from reaction between phthalonitrile and proper metal salts upon exposure to microwave irradiation under solvent-free conditions and considerably reduced reaction times.

Boundary Conditions for Magnetic Field Gradients Inside a Source - Free Volume

Flow Field Characterization inside an Arteriovenous Graft- To-vein Anastomosis under Pulsatile Flow Conditions

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the distribution of turbulence intensity and the localization of stenoses inside the venous anastomosis of arteriovenous (A-V) grafts. Turbulent flow measurements were conducted inside an upscaled end-to-side graft model under pulsatile flow condition. The pulsatile flow waveforms had maximum, minimum and mean Reynolds number...